Mundarija:
- 1 Ingliz tilidagi modal fe’llari ko’p hollarda ma’no jihatidan bir-biriga o’xshaydilar. Ularning asosiy vazifasi gapiruvchi insonning vaziyatni qanday baholashidan kelib chiqadi: bo’ladigan ishmi yoki yo’q.
- 2 Biror bir ishni zarurligini ko’rsatish uchun odatda must va have tolarni ishlatamiz. Masalan:
- 3 Ingliz tili zamonlar tushunchasi va zamonlar
- 4 I must leave now. – Men aynan hozir ketishim lozim. I have to wear my uniform every day. – Men ish kiyimimni har kuni kiyishga majburman. Misollardan ko’rinib turibdiki must va have to larning ma’nolari o’xshash, ammo bu ikki gap ma’no jihatidan baribir bir-biridan farqlanadi. Must fe’li harakatga shartlilikni va muhimlilikni bildiradi. Ya’ni mustni ishlatish orqali shaxs o’sha ishni bajarishning muhimliligini o’zi belgilaydi. Have to esa shaxs uchun amaldagi ma’lum qoida yoki qonunning bajarilishi muhmliligini bildiradi. Masalan:
- 5 Ingliz tilida kelasi tugallangan zamon
- 6
- 7 I must see my dentist. – Men tish shifokorimni ko’rigiga borishim lozim. I have to see my dentists twice a year. – Men tish shifokorim ko’rigiga bir yilda 2 marta borishim lozim.
- 8 Birinchi misolda must ni ishlatish orqali shaxs o’sha qarorga o’zi kelganligi aytilmoqda. Ikkinchi misolda esa have to ni ishlatish orqali shaxs bu qarorga o’zi kelmaganligi, unga bu ishni bajarish muhimligini kimdir maslahat berganligini tushunish mumkin.
- 9 Umuman olganda must va have to bir-birini o’rnida ishlatilishi ham mumkin.
- 10 Masalan:
- 11 Ingliz tilida sifat darajalari
- 12 He must be at work at 7 am. = He has to be at work at 7 am. – U ishda ertalab soat 7 da bo’lishi kerak.
- 13 Mustning o’tgan va kelasi zamon shakllari yo’q. Bunday holatlarda uning o’rniga have to ni ishlatamiz. Masalan: He had to prepare the written report two days ago. – U xat hisobotni ikki kun avval tayyorlab qo’yishi kerak edi.
- 14 You will have to study hard to achieve the results. – Siz natijaga erishish uchun g’ayrab bilan o’qishingiz lozim.
Ingliz tilidagi modal fe’llari ko’p hollarda ma’no jihatidan bir-biriga o’xshaydilar. Ularning asosiy vazifasi gapiruvchi insonning vaziyatni qanday baholashidan kelib chiqadi: bo’ladigan ishmi yoki yo’q.
Biror bir ishni zarurligini ko’rsatish uchun odatda must va have tolarni ishlatamiz.
Masalan:
Ingliz tili zamonlar tushunchasi va zamonlar
I must leave now. – Men aynan hozir ketishim lozim.
I have to wear my uniform every day. – Men ish kiyimimni har kuni kiyishga majburman.
Misollardan ko’rinib turibdiki must va have to larning ma’nolari o’xshash, ammo bu ikki gap ma’no jihatidan baribir bir-biridan farqlanadi. Must fe’li harakatga shartlilikni va muhimlilikni bildiradi. Ya’ni mustni ishlatish orqali shaxs o’sha ishni bajarishning muhimliligini o’zi belgilaydi. Have to esa shaxs uchun amaldagi ma’lum qoida yoki qonunning bajarilishi muhmliligini bildiradi. Masalan:
Ingliz tilida kelasi tugallangan zamon
I must see my dentist. – Men tish shifokorimni ko’rigiga borishim lozim.
I have to see my dentists twice a year. – Men tish shifokorim ko’rigiga bir yilda 2 marta borishim lozim.
Birinchi misolda must ni ishlatish orqali shaxs o’sha qarorga o’zi kelganligi aytilmoqda. Ikkinchi misolda esa have to ni ishlatish orqali shaxs bu qarorga o’zi kelmaganligi, unga bu ishni bajarish muhimligini kimdir maslahat berganligini tushunish mumkin.
Umuman olganda must va have to bir-birini o’rnida ishlatilishi ham mumkin.
Masalan:
Ingliz tilida sifat darajalari
He must be at work at 7 am. = He has to be at work at 7 am. – U ishda ertalab soat 7 da bo’lishi kerak.
Mustning o’tgan va kelasi zamon shakllari yo’q. Bunday holatlarda uning o’rniga have to ni ishlatamiz. Masalan:
He had to prepare the written report two days ago. – U xat hisobotni ikki kun avval tayyorlab qo’yishi kerak edi.
You will have to study hard to achieve the results. – Siz natijaga erishish uchun g’ayrab bilan o’qishingiz lozim.
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